Ib biologyhuman health and physiology wikibooks, open. Diseases are a major source of crop and plant damage that can be caused by a number of plant pathogenic diseasecausing organisms. Ib guides physics syllabus objectives, guide, notes and videos. Sections 15 correspond to the sections in gcse biology and igcse biology. A level edexcel notes a biology gcse, igcse, ib, alevel. Biology notes form 4 pdf biology form 4 questions and. These antibodies surround and bind to the antigens on the foreign pathogens.
This covers all the topics and modules for all specifications including 8bn0, 9bn0, 8bi01, 9bi01, 8bi0, 9bi0. Pathogen definition and examples biology online dictionary. The immune system needs to be challenged by a disease, usually in the form of an antigen present upon it, and then the immune system responds by producing a clone of b cells which produce large amounts of antibodies to fight and eliminate the pathogen. It is broken down into many fields, reflecting the complexity of life from the atoms and molecules of biochemistry to the interactions of millions of organisms in ecology. Kennys ib biology hl 34 wednesday, december 10, 2014. Biology articles get complete list of biology articles. A microorganism with a potential of causing disease, including. Difference between antigen and antibody antigen vs antibody antigen is any foreign particle that elicits an immune response or that specifically binds to an antibody or a tcell receptor often used as a synonym for immunogen. Immunity definition, the state of being immune from or insusceptible to a particular disease or the like. Immunity definition of immunity by medical dictionary. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
We often feel redness, heat, swelling and pain at the site of wounds. Fungi are the number one cause of crop loss worldwide. Tissue damage caused by wound or invading pathogenic organisms induces a complex sequence of events collectively known as inflammation. This is the definition in my text book, online and in the oxford dictionary of science. The science of life and of living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution and encompassing. To help you gauge your progress and understanding, the answers for the databased questions in your ib biology course book are available here. Notes on all core topics and more from the ib physics compendium lab report plans from vernier usefull for planning lab work notes, lab reports and questions from the open door website. Define active immunity, passive immunity, natural immunity, and artificial immunity. Thus, natural selection is constantly influencing the evolution of species. Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules, across a partially permeable membrane, from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration.
Outline the role of skin and mucous membranes in defense against pathogens. Biology terms glossary of biology terms and definitions. The use of stem cells in the treatment of disease is mostly at the experimental. Skin cuts gas exchange systemget past mucus lining and cilia in lung epithelium to reach alveoli, droplets inhaled in air. Explain the challenge and response mechanism of specific immunity. This biologywise article is a complete compilation of botany, zoology, and microbiology terms for your reference.
Now, we all know about innate immunity or natural immunity that we inherit from our parents. The information can be found in the pages of gcse biology and igcse biology. Colic can be particularly frustrating for parents because the babys distress occurs for no apparent reason and no amount of consoling seems to bring any relief. Homeostasis is the tendency for an organism or cell to maintain a constant internal environment within tolerance limits. List of biology articles for students is designed by the subject experts who consider these topics are most important in view of examination. Viruses, nematodes, and bacteria also cause diseases in plants figures 1. With over 5,500 clear and concise entries, over 400 of them new to this edition, this marketleading dictionary is the perfect guide for anyone studying biology. Ib biologydefense against infectious disease wikibooks. Natural selection definition and examples biology dictionary. All these concepts are covered in the list of biology articles for the easier finding. Furthermore, the topic is often visited during ia investigations. Antibodies are proteins that defend the body against pathogens by binding to antigens on the surface of these pathogens and stimulating their destruction. Biology definition of biology by the free dictionary.
Actually this is bodys defence mechanism to destroy the pathogen. This includes maintaining body temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, blood ph, blood glucose levels and water balance. Microorganism that causes disease by infecting a host. Nov 20, 2010 outline one example of aninfectionbyeachof the followingtypesof pathogens. Biology dictionary is the largest dictionary of biology terms that you can easily access online. A pathogen is a diseasecausing microorganism, virus or prion. Pathogens are normally speciesspecific although some can cross species barriers. If you still need more assistance, check out our article on the best ib biology books. Shop for ib biology hl syllabus online at pronin ib. It continues to broaden its scope as we supply it regularly with new terms while enriching the existing terms further with fresh information. A pathogen is a disease causing agent that disrupts the normal physiology of the infected organism. Ib guides biology syllabus objectives, guide, notes and videos. Pathogen meaning in the cambridge english dictionary. Digestive systempathogens on foodwater reach stomach and small intestine if not killed by stomach acid.
Nov 15, 2017 a pathogen or infectious agent is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. This may result from the immune response to an invading organism or from inoculation with a vaccine containing a foreign antigen. Contents articles ib biology 1 cell respiration and photosynthesis 3 defense against infectious disease 7 excretion 10 human reproduction 12 cells 14 communities 23 genetics 29 genetics,pt2 34 how to use 36 human health and physiology 36 introduction 45 nerves, muscles and movement 46 the chemistry of life 49 nucleic acids and proteins 58 option a diet and human nutrition 63 option c cells. Supplement pathogens are mostly microscopic, such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi, thriving in various places such as air, dust, surfaces, soil, etc. Biology dictionary explanations and examples of biological. These questions are more demanding and test interpretation of data i. A new feature is the inclusion of entrylevel web links. Ib biology hl syllabus, ib biology sl syllabus, biology ib. Mar 22, 2020 both ib biology sl and hl consist of the same core requirements 95 hours.
Biology is the branch of science concerned with the study of life. The international baccalaureate organization known as the ib offers four high quality. Apart from this, there also exists another type of immunity acquired immunity. We export to over 240 cities and 150 countries worldwide. This living library is a principal hub of the libretexts project, which is a multiinstitutional collaborative venture to develop the next generation of openaccess texts to improve postsecondary education at all levels of higher learning. Antibodies usually only bind to one specific antigen. Immunity resulting from the development within the body of antibodies or sensitized t lymphocytes that neutralize or destroy the infective agent. Animals inherit their genetics from their parents or ancestors, and the environment is constantly changing. Organised notes including all options from wikibooks.
The dictionarys chronologies chart developments in major fields including cell biology, genetics, microscopy, and vitamins. A level biology revision notes made for the edexcel exam boards. Explain why antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not against viruses. Autotroph definition and examples biology online dictionary.
So, no organism is perfectly adapted to its environment. Apr 23, 2011 for all these aspects of biology that one might wish to incorporate in models and simulations, microscopic imaging is the method of choice, with implementations ranging from ultrahigh resolution electron microscopic tomography to define structural details for models of such processes as neurotransmitter release in a synapse 268. These episodes often occur in the evening, when parents themselves are often tired. Biology gcse and igcse question bank, questions for self. May, 2019 natural selection is a pressure that causes groups of organisms to change over time. Inflammation if localised to the site of infection or injury. A disorder of structure or function that produces specific symptoms. Outline how phagocytic leucocytes ingest pathogens in the blood and in body tissues. Details on how changes in temperature and ph affect enzyme activity formed the heart of most answers. It could be through photosynthesis involving light energy or chemosynthesis involving chemical energy. Type of pathogen bacteria virus fungi protozoa example disease cholera pathogen vibrio cholerae method of transmission contaminated drinking water or food symptoms severe diarrhea and vomiting treatment urgent oral rehydration, antibiotics dangers death by dehydration 4. Abo blood types are defined by the type of antigen present on erythrocytes red blood cells. Feb 29, 2020 colic is frequent, prolonged and intense crying or fussiness in a healthy infant. Biology one of the important subject that features diagrams, descriptions, explanation of relations and differences.
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